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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 9:47 pm
Time: 9:47 pm
Results for immigrants (canada)
2 results foundAuthor: Nog, Hien Van Title: Unravelling Identities and Belonging: Criminal Gang Involvement of Youth from Immigrant Families Summary: This dissertation study was a response to community concerns about youth gangs in Calgary. It aimed to achieve theoretical understanding of criminal gang involvement of youth from immigrant families, and to develop a collaborative, practical framework to support high risk youth. Informed by participatory action research and grounded theory, the inquiry process involved an interplay of theoretical development and participation of community stakeholders in group reflection and action. The analysis of the experiences of predominantly male participants (29 males, 1 female) resulted in a grounded theory of unravelling identities and belonging. According to the proposed theory, some youth from immigrant families became involved in criminal gang activity as a result of the unravelling of their self-concept, Canadian identity, ethnic identity and sense of belonging. Such unravelling occurred as the youth experienced gradual disintegration in their relationships with family, school and community. The analysis further unearthed complex pathways of youth from immigrant families towards criminal gang involvement. The gang involved participants either directly experienced pre-migration vulnerabilities or were indirectly impacted by their parents' pre-migration histories. Their life experiences in Canada involved gradual disintegration of their interactions with their families, schools and communities. Subsequently, the participants experienced crises of identities and belonging, which propelled them towards forming friendships with other socially disconnected peers. They became involved in social cliques, and progressed towards membership in criminal gangs. Drawing upon recommendations from the community stakeholders, this dissertation offers a practical framework for supporting high risk youth from immigrant families. The framework is guided by a set of principles that focus on development amongst youth from immigrant families of a positive sense of identity, and of equity, multi-sectoral involvement, coordination and collaboration, multiple approaches to youth services, addressing multiple needs with multiple interventions, and timeliness and responsiveness as criteria for community stakeholders and service providers. It focuses on prevention, and offers concrete strategies for home-based, school-based and community-based support for youth. The dissertation addresses the implications of the study with respect to theoretical development, research, public discourse, policy development, and practice and service development. The findings of the study have made valuable theoretical and practical contributions to addressing the involvement of youth from immigrant families in criminal gangs. Details: Calgary, AB: Centre for Newcomers, 2010. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed on January 29, 2012 at http://www.threesource.ca/documents/June2011/unravelling_identities.pdf Year: 2010 Country: Canada URL: http://www.threesource.ca/documents/June2011/unravelling_identities.pdf Shelf Number: 123865 Keywords: Immigrants (Canada)PreventionYouth Gangs (Calgary) |
Author: End Immigrant Detention Network Title: Indefinite, Arbitrary and Unfair: The Truth About Immigration Detention in Canada Summary: Today, more migrants enter Canada on temporary permits than as permanent residents. Though this has been the case with economic immigrants versus migrant workers since 1993, Canadian policies over the last decade have accelerated this trend. The Federal skilled workers program is limited to 50 occupations requiring advanced degrees (an increase from 24 since April 2014), along with years of work experience. As a result, most low-income and racialized migrants can only come to Canada under various categories of the Temporary Foreign Workers Program (TFWP). The move from permanent status towards temporary status is occurring in all aspects of the immigration system. Today, many parents and grandparents enter Canada as temporary migrants under the so-called 'Super Visa' - and only if strict income requirements are met. Many spouses and common-law partners arrive in Canada with "conditional" permanent residence, which is a temporary permit that may force some women to remain in abusive situations rather than risk revocation of status on separation. Refugee applications have dropped in half just over the last year. All of these changes disproportionately impact women, and low-income and racialized families. The Federal government has enacted increasingly harsh measures to remove people's permanent residence, particularly from those who have already served a sentence for a crime, resulting in a 'double punishment'. In the last few years, over 3,000 people have had their citizenship revoked. With more people in Canada in precarious immigration status, many migrants have to choose between living without full status in Canada or returning to places they may not want or be able to return. As a result, there are approximately 500,0005 undocumented migrants in Canada, while an unknown number of migrants on temporary visas are also engaged in unauthorized work. The legislated shift towards temporariness has been accompanied by an increase in immigration enforcement. As more people lose immigration status and become undocumented, immigration detention and deportation grows at an unprecedented rate. The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA), established in December 2003, and overseen by the Ministry of Public Safety has seen its immigration enforcement budget balloon in recent years, rising from $91 million in 2010-2011, to over $198 million in 2012-2013. Though latest data on specific expenditure on immigration detention is not available, in 2008-09, when CBSA enforcement budget was $92 million, immigration detention costs were $45.7million. In 2009, immigration detention cost an average of $3,185 per detained case. In the same year, CBSA was paying between $120 and $207 to jail migrants in provincial facilities per day. By mid-2013, approximately 80,000 immigrants had been detained under the current government. In 2013 alone, between 7,373 and 9,932 immigrants spent a total of 183,928 days in immigration hold. This is a combined total of 504 years in prison. Over the past seven years, the number of detained children has fluctuated between 807 children per year in 2008 to 205 in 2013. The actual number is higher as many children are not tracked as detainees but as "accompanying their parents," or are themselves Canadian citizens and thus "not subject to" immigration detention. Advocates point to the particularly severe impacts of incarceration on women and mothers due to the lack of medical facilities for pregnancies and neo-natal care. Migrants in detention thus include those facing deportation; children 'accompanying' their parents; migrant workers who have acted outside the terms of their visas; detention upon arrival in Canada while applications are processed; those held on security grounds such as the Security Certificate detainees and others. Details: s.l.: End Immigration Detention Network, 2014. 40p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed July 28, 2014 at: www.truthaboutdetention.com Year: 2014 Country: Canada URL: www.truthaboutdetention.com Shelf Number: 132792 Keywords: Immigrant DetentionImmigrants (Canada)ImmigrationImmigration EnforcementRefugees |